Harmonic Studies
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What are Harmonic Studies?
Harmonic studies analyze the effects of non-linear loads that generate harmonics in electrical systems. Non-linear loads, such as arc furnaces or power converters, draw non-sinusoidal currents under sinusoidal voltage, resulting in voltage and current distortions.
With the rise of non-linear loads in industrial and commercial power systems, harmonic studies are essential for ensuring compliance with design, operational, and performance standards.
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Importance of Harmonic Studies
Harmonic studies are critical for:
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Compliance at PCC: Ensuring voltage and current distortions meet limits at the point of common coupling (PCC) per standards.
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Filter Design: Sizing and locating capacitors or filters to mitigate harmonics and optimize system performance.
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Equipment Protection: Minimizing issues like capacitor failures, overheating, and malfunctions of transformers, motors, relays, and control devices.
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System Expansion: Addressing harmonics when adding significant non-linear loads to existing systems.
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New System Design: Integrating load flow, power factor correction, and harmonics to meet reactive power and performance requirements.
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How Do We Perform Harmonic Studies?
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Data Collection: Gather system data including SLD, voltage ratings, short circuit parameters, harmonic spectrum data, and non-linear device specifications.
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Modeling: Build the system model using ETAP, PSS®E, or PSCAD/EMTDC software.
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Simulation: Conduct harmonic analysis using scenarios aligned with IEEE Std 3002.8-2018 and client specifications.
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Reporting: Prepare and deliver a technical report with findings and recommendations.
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Applicable Standards for Harmonic Studies
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IEEE Std 3002.8-2018: Recommended practices for conducting harmonic studies.
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IEEE Std 519™-2014: Requirements for harmonic control in electric power systems.